Nūhou

ʻO nā'ōnaehana intravenous, nā'ōnaehana lawena no ka hoʻihoʻiʻana, a me nā polokalamu kelepona kelepona

Fluid warmers can be broadly categorized into devices designed to warm fluids for routine cases and more complex devices designed for large volume resuscitation. While all fluid warmers contain a heater, a thermostatic control, and, in most cases, a temperature readout, resuscitation fluid warmers are optimized for higher flows, and stop flow to the patient when significant air is detected in the tubing. Simple fluid warmers deliver warmed fluids at rates up to 150 mL/min (and sometimes at higher rates, with specialized disposable sets and pressurized infusions), in contrast to resuscitation fluid warmers that effectively warm fluids at flow rates up to 750 to 1000 mL/ Min (hoʻokahi mea hoʻomaha hoʻomaha hoʻomaha e hoʻopau i ka mea e hoʻopau ai i ka pono no ka hoʻopiliʻana).

Heating of IV fluids can be accomplished by dry heat exchange, countercurrent heat exchangers, fluid immersion, or (less effectively) by placing part of the fluid circuit in the proximity of a separate heater (such as a forced-air device or heated water mattress ).